RBI monetary policy meet today: What to expect
RBI will likely keep the benchmark interest rates unchanged amid uncertainties over new coronavirus variant Omicron
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) will likely hold benchmark interest rates for ninth straight time when it meets today (8 December) amid uncertainties over new coronavirus variant Omicron.
A Reuters poll of 50 economists showed the RBI would hold its benchmark interest rate at 4% and the reverse repo rate at 3.35% at its December 8 meeting.
However, the Central Bank is expected to hike its reverse repo rate early next next year and increase the repo rate the following quarter. RBI can take comfort from the fact that retail inflation, which it takes into account when deciding on policy rates, has been within the 2%-6% target range since July.
"We were previously expecting the RBI to hike the reverse repo rate 15-20 bps in December, but given the uncertainty emerging from the new Covid-19 variant, we now expect status quo," Morgan Stanley economists wrote.
"The central bank is likely to wait to understand the risks posed by the new variant. If the growth impact from the new Covid-19 variant is muted, then we expect the policy normalization to start from February with an increase in the reverse repo rate."
Meanwhile, all 28 economists surveyed by Bloomberg as of Monday expect the six-member monetary policy committee to leave the repurchase rate unchanged at 4% on Wednesday.
Traders will still be looking for guidance on the inevitable return of policy to pre-pandemic settings, with markets pricing in a two-stage hike in the reverse repo rate, starting Wednesday. Only seven of the 24 economists surveyed see that happening, with others predicting no change.
Shorter money market rates and front-end yields have already moved up in recent weeks as the monetary authority increased cash absorption by raising both the quantum and duration of variable rate reverse repo auctions. The liquidity absorption steps coincided with the RBI halting its bond purchase program in the October policy, which signaled the start of tapering pandemic-era stimulus.
Expectations of a hike are “baked in swaps and bonds levels," said Naveen Singh, executive vice president and head of trading at ICICI Securities Primary Dealership Ltd. “Given the RBI has already done proxy normalization through VRRR, it’s a logical step to raise reverse repo rate irrespective of omicron’s spread."
The sovereign yield curve in India has been the steepest in a decade, largely due to the record excess banking liquidity crashing short-term rates. The central bank’s actions in removing excess cash and halting bond purchases have in turn pushed up cut-off yields in recent bond auctions, which have resulted in higher market rates, according to Barclays Plc.
Inflationary concerns
Inflation, repeatedly described by Das as transitory, is once again on the march toward the upper end of the RBI’s 2%-6% target range. Rising vegetable prices, particularly that of tomatoes, and a waning favorable base effect may threaten the central bank’s forecast of 5.3% headline price-growth for the fiscal year ending March.
Concerns over price pressures would definitely be a topic of interest, especially in the backdrop of Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell’s comments that it was time the Fed retired the description of high inflation as “transitory." But that alone may not be enough to nudge Indian policy makers into action just yet.
Five of the six MPC members were, as of October, still in favor of keeping policy stance accommodative to ward off risks from global developments. With the omicron variant spreading fast, it could be just the reason the RBI needs to stand pat.
“The world is waiting for more data to understand the potential impact and efficacy of the existing vaccines against the omicron variant," said Kunal Kundu, an economist with Societe Generale GSC Pvt. in Bengaluru. “If RBI too perceives it as a threat to the nascent recovery, it may want to put on hold plans for policy normalization."
Growth risks
While latest high-frequency indicators from purchasing managers’ surveys to consumption-tax data show Asia’s third-largest economy has momentum, those gains could be squandered should risks from omicron’s rapid spread materialize.
For now, the RBI is expected to retain its growth forecast at 9.5% for the fiscal year ending March, while flagging downside risks.
“Headwinds from softening external demand, global supply bottlenecks, inflationary pressures and expected Federal Reserve tapering are likely to temper the strength of the rebound," said Bloomberg economist Abhishek Gupta, who recently raised the growth forecast for fiscal 2022 to 8.9% from 7.8%.
(With inputs from agencies)
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