Bihar Elections 2025 Highlights: The high-octane campaign ended for the second and final phase of the Bihar Assembly elections on Sunday.
Tuesday will mark the end of a fiercely fought contest defined by sharp rhetoric, caste equations, and competing claims of governance and development in Bihar. Voting for 122 of the 243 assembly seats — spanning parts of Mithila, the Kosi belt, western Bihar, Magadh, Angika, and Seemanchal regions — will take place in the second phase on Tuesday.
The first phase of polling for 121 seats last week saw a record 64.69% voter turnout. This turnout is the highest in any state or national election in Bihar's history, according to the Election Commission of India.
During this phase on Tuesday, the political fate of 1302 candidates, including 136 female candidates, will be decided by more than 3.7 crore electorates.
The results will be declared on 14 November.
Top leaders from all major political parties— including Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Chief Minister Nitish Kumar, RJD leader Tejashwi Yadav, Leader of the Opposition (LoP) in the Lok Sabha Rahul Gandhi, and Congress leader Priyanka Gandhi Vadra— addressed multiple rallies in a last-minute effort to sway undecided voters.
The campaign saw the NDA banking on its development track record, while the INDIA bloc sought to tap into youth discontent, unemployment, and social justice narratives.
The main contest in Bihar is between the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) and the opposition’s Mahagathbandhan alliance. The ruling NDA comprises of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the Janata Dal (United), among other parties. The Mahagathbandhan, or the Grand Alliance, comprises the Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) and the Congress as its main parties.
Prashant Kishor's Jan Suraaj Party and Asaduddin Owais's AIMIM are also in the fray. The MIM won five seats in 2020 in Seemachal, the region voting in the second phase.
The ruling NDA is seeking re-election, banking on the 20-year rule of Nitish Kumar in the state and the 11-year rule of the PM Modi government at the Centre. The opposition Mahagathbandhan is seeking votes on anti-incumbency, misgovernance and job promises.
PM Modi concluded his campaign for the Bihar assembly elections on Saturday, the second-to-last day of campaigning for the final phase, asserting that people have delivered the opposition INDIA bloc a "65-volt jhatka" in the first phase and vowing to return for the swearing-in of the new NDA government.
On Sunday, Congress leader Rahul Gandhi, addressing a poll rally in Kishanganj, alleged that the BJP and RSS were trying to divide the nation, while the INDIA bloc was making efforts to unite the country.
Amit Shah, addressing a rally in Sasaram town, promised a future that “mortar shells that will be dropped on Pakistan will be manufactured at an ordnance factory in this state”.
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Janshakti Janata Dal chief and candidate from Mahua seat, Tej Pratap Yadav says, "We will win...Our party will win 10-15 seats..."
When asked who would form the Govt in the state, he says, "Let's see what happens. We will find out on the 14th Nov...The results will be out on the 14th. I am not omniscient, so I cannot tell you anything."
As per news agency ANI, the NHRC asked the Samastipur DM, Samastipur SP and Chief Election Commissioner to submit an Action Taken Report within two weeks for perusal of the Commission in connection with a viral election song which allegedly features minor children "being used to sing and speak political slogans, thereby exploiting their innocence for political gain by the party."
Union Education Minister and BJP in charge of Bohar Dharmendra Pradhan, who has been campaigning in Bihar ahead of the second phase of assembly elections, on Monday firmly stated that there was no confusion about Janata Dal (United) chief Nitish Kumar being the Chief Ministerial face of the National Democratic Alliance (NDA).
“In my personal opinion, in this election, (BJP) will have a better strike rate than 2010. The ground reality states that the public does not want an RJD government in Bihar and the return of 'jungle raj'...,” Union minister Giriraj Singh told ANI.
“They have no agenda. If Rahul Gandhi has any capability, they should file a case over Maharashtra and Karnataka (elections). They (Mahagathbandhan) caused only uproar over the SIR issue. Their defeat (Mahagathbandhan in Bihar elections) is certain, and due to this, they are creating an atmosphere before it,” he added, commenting on Rahul Gandhi's ‘vote chori’ allegations.
Defence Minister and BJP leader Rajnath Singh has appealed to the voters in Bihar not to bring back RJD's "jungle raj" in the State. He said that gone are the days "when they ruled with katta (a country-made pistol)."
"Gone are those days when they ruled with 'katta'. Now no one can dare threaten anyone," the BJP leader said while addressing an election rally in Bihar's Kaimur on Sunday.
"It was shocking to see when RJD asked a 7-year-old kid to give a speech on stage. The child said, when he was uneducated, he would go around with a stick, but when Tejashwi Bhaiya became the Chief Minister, he would move around with a 'katta'. Shame on such politics where they want to imbibe such values in an innocent kid," he added.
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) national spokesperson Guru Prakash Paswan on Monday said that the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) will form the government in Bihar with a two-thirds majority.
"Voting is going to be held on 122 seats, including the Seemanchal region, tomorrow. Morning shows the day. We are confident that just like there was a bumper voting (turnout) in the first phase, we will get bumper blessings in tomorrow's voting too. On November 14, NDA is going to form the government with 2/3rd majority," Paswan told ANI.
Ajay Bagga, Banking and Market expert told ANI that the Bihar election exit polls, scheduled to be released after market hours on November 11, are likely to keep market positioning light in the earlier part of the week.
The actual results of the election will be declared on November 14.
Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas) chief Chirag Paswan expressed optimism about the NDA's chances of forming a strong government in Bihar, following the peaceful conclusion of the election campaign.
Speaking to the media in Patna on Sunday, Paswan credited the efforts of party workers and the public's faith in the double-engine government for the NDA's prospects.
RJD leader Tejashwi Yadav on Sunday sought clarification from the Election Commission on why it has not yet published the female and male voter turnout in the first phase of the Bihar Assembly election.
"It's been almost three days since the first phase of the elections. Yet, even after three days, the Election Commission has yet to disclose the female and male voter turnout," Tejashwi Yadav told reporters.
"Why are these figures being hidden? VVPAT slips were found scattered on the streets. CCTV cameras are being shut down. The Election Commission should clarify why this is not being disclosed," he added.
BJP leader Ashwini Choubey on Sunday exuded confidence in the NDA's win in the Bihar Assembly election with a massive majority. He also appealed to the voters to turn out in the second phase of the election.
"I think we are at 70% and the rest are all at 30%. The NDA government is going to be formed with a massive majority. I appeal to the people of Bihar to vote in large numbers," Ashwini Choubey told ANI.
"The NDA government will be formed and Nitish Kumar will become the Chief Minister again," he added.
The second phase for 122 seats will take place on 11 November.
The results of the Bihar Assembly elections will be announced on November 14.
Bihar Elections 2025 Live: Soon after the final votes are cast on 11 November, news channels will start releasing Exit Poll results for 243 seats of Bihar. Usually the numbers start coming after 6 pm.
Bihar Elections 2025 Live: Top leaders from all major political parties— including Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Chief Minister Nitish Kumar, RJD leader Tejashwi Yadav, Leader of the Opposition (LoP) in the Lok Sabha Rahul Gandhi, and Congress leader Priyanka Gandhi Vadra— addressed multiple rallies in a last-minute effort to sway undecided voters.
Bihar Elections 2025 Live: oting for 122 of the 243 assembly seats — spanning parts of Mithila, the Kosi belt, western Bihar, Magadh, Angika, and Seemanchal regions — will take place in the second phase on Tuesday, November 11.
Catch all the live action on Assembly Election Results 2025, exclusive coverage from the streets of Bihar, minute- by-minute trend and tally analysis, and Latest News Updates on Mint. Download The Mint News App to get Daily Market Updates. Check latest updates on Bihar Chunav.