Perplexity’s $34.5 billion bid for Google’s Chrome seems mischievous
It could be a tactic to pierce Google-owner Alphabet’s defence in its antitrust case. Alphabet had argued that hiving off its popular browser would turn it into a shadow of itself. Perplexity’s bid suggests Chrome could be used to drive AI adoption.
If you’re fighting an antitrust lawsuit that might end up breaking your company into pieces, one defence is to argue that those pieces would wither away if separated from the mother ship, thus creating a worse outcome for the consumer. That’s what Google has been doing in the face of the US Department of Justice (DoJ) calls for it to sell Chrome, its market-leading web browser, as part of the remedies for its monopolistic behaviours involving its search business.
As the company wrote on its blog in May, the DoJ’s proposal to break off Chrome—which billions of people use for free—would break it and result in a “shadow of the current Chrome," according to Chrome leader Parisa Tabriz. She added that the browser would likely become “insecure and obsolete."
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This defence was complicated somewhat on 12 August when it emerged that Perplexity, an AI company, had made an “audacious" (Bloomberg), “longshot" (Wall Street Journal) and “mischievous" (my term) bid to take Chrome off Google’s hands for $34.5 billion.
Perplexity doesn’t have $34.5 billion. The company was valued at $18 billion at the time of its last funding round, but said it would come up with funds from a coalition of investors who are already on board with the plan. The deal would realistically be possible only if the court does force the Alphabet unit to sell Chrome, which, according to most analysts I’ve spoken to, would be an extreme measure. But it’s not an impossibility. Indeed, it might have become slightly more possible thanks to Perplexity’s bid and what might come next. But before I get into that, let’s humour this for a second and talk about why buying Chrome would make sense for Perplexity.
The web browser has become a critical early battleground for shaping new habits in AI. Perplexity realizes this and recently introduced its own browser, Comet, which places its own AI assistant front and centre: If you type a query into the address bar, Comet will, instead of searching Google, turn to its AI instead.
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At scale, this shift in behaviour from search engine to AI would be profound. The problem is that Comet has a tiny market share compared with Chrome’s 70% of desktop browser use globally and 67% on mobile phones. Following loose estimates of about 3.5 billion users of Chrome, Perplexity would be paying about $10 per user.
The goal then would be to convert as many of them as possible to users of its $20-a-month ‘Pro’ AI plan. As AI business models go, it’s actually not bad. Unlike its biggest competitors, Perplexity lacks a shop window for its AI, an existing highly-used product where users can discover the functionality of AI without having to consciously go looking for it.
Still, the lack of movement in Alphabet’s share price on 12 August suggests investors have brushed off the possibility. For starters, some analysts think the valuation is way off. The offer “vastly undervalues the asset, and should not be taken seriously," according to Baird. A better number, its analysts said, would be more like $100 billion—though it’s hard to say how the dynamics of a deal would play out if Google had no choice but to sell Chrome. Previous valuations put it somewhere between $30 billion and $50 billion, a figure that seems a little conservative if the browser is indeed pivotal to building AI market share.
Regardless, what this bid truly represents is a cunning plan to get in the ear of Judge Amit Mehta as he considers the appropriate antitrust remedies for Google’s prior bad behaviour.
With this move, Perplexity is skewering Google’s defence that spinning out Chrome would be fatal to not just Chrome but to Chromium, the open-source project that forms the backbone of most top web browsers, including Google’s direct competitors. It can now be sincerely argued that there’s a bona fide offer from a company capable of not only taking Chrome out of Google’s hands but developing it further—keeping it from becoming “insecure and obsolete," as the company warned. What’s more, it seems likely other AI companies will throw their names into the ring. OpenAI’s head of ChatGPT testified during the trial that the company would be interested in buying Chrome, “as would many other parties."
How much of this the judge takes into account is another thing. He probably shouldn’t: The rationale to force a sale of Chrome would be to prevent Alphabet from creating a new AI monopoly with the same tactics it used to dominate search. Fine, but Judge Mehta has other tools at his disposal to achieve that more fairly. After all, the only reason an AI company would be interested in buying Chrome, at a cost that’s double its existing value, would be to use the browser for those same anti-competitive ends. ©Bloomberg
The author is Bloomberg Opinion’s US technology columnist.
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